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cannabis för bättre hälsa.
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Cannabis and cancer.
Large Study Finds No Link between Marijuana and Lung Cancer http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?art...5F83414B7F0000 Study finds no marijuana link to lung cancer http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2006/ma...k_lung_cancer/ Study Finds No Cancer-Marijuana Connection http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn...052501729.html Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic. "A connection between marijuana smoking and lung or colorectal cancer was not observed" http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/2/1/21 Cannabis smoke less carcinogenic than tobacco smoke http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/32229.php Cannabis study finds less cancer risk than tobacco http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/oc...alcohol.health Marijuana Unlikely to Cause Head, Neck, or Lung Cancer http://www.webmd.com/news/20000508/m...o-cause-cancer Smoking Marijuana Does Not Cause Cancer According to a Case-control Study http://bbsnews.net/article.php/20050710150925597 Cannabis and brain damage. Heavy Marijuana Use Doesn't Damage Brain http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/n...t-damage-brain Marijuana Boosts Brain Cell Growth http://www.aphroditewomenshealth.com...lth_news.shtml Marijuana might cause new cell growth in the brain http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn8155 High Times for Brain Growth: Marijuana-like drug multiplies neurons http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20051015/fob7.asp "studies using DTI have not found any abnormalities whatsoever in any part of the brains of adolescent heavy cannabis users. In fact, if anything, adolescent cannabis users tended to have larger brains, with more cells (white matter) than the controls. That doesn't mean that using cannabis in adolescence makes you smart, but it surely rules out significant global brain damage." http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/...1/17/lIDABD3EJ "Smoking marijuana does not have a long-term effect on intelligence. Only the heavy current users had experienced a decline in their IQ scores over the 10-year period - about four points, But people who had once smoked heavily and then given up were right back up to normal. Light users, former users and abstainers all saw their IQ scores climb between two and six points." http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn2140 Study: Alcohol, Tobacco Worse Than Pot http://cbs3.com/topstories/alcohol.t....2.282305.html Human studies There is very little evidence from human studies of structural brain damage. In their controversial paper, Campbell et al (1971) were the first to present evidence suggesting that structural/morphological brain damage was associated with cannabis use. They used air encephalography to measure cerebral ventricular size, and claimed to have demonstrated evidence of cerebral atrophy in ten young males who had used cannabis for three to 11 years, and who complained of neurological symptoms, including headaches, memory dysfunction and other cognitive impairment. Compared to controls, the cannabis users showed significantly enlarged lateral and third ventricular areas. Although this study was widely publicised in the media because of its serious implications, it was heavily criticised on methodological grounds. Most subjects had also used significant quantities of LSD and amphetamines, and the measurement technique was claimed to be inaccurate, particularly since there were great difficulties in assessing ventricular size and volume to any degree of accuracy (e.g. Bull, 1971; Susser, 1972; Brewer, 1972). Moreover, the findings could not be replicated. Stefanis (1976) reported that echoencephalographic measurements of the third ventricle in 14 chronic hashish users and 21 non-users did not support Campbell et al's pneumoencephalographic findings of ventricular dilation. The introduction of more accurate and non-invasive techniques, in the form of computerised tomographic (CT) scans, (also known as computer-assisted tomographic (CAT) scans), permitted better studies of possible cerebral atrophy in chronic cannabis users (Co et al, 1977; Kuehnle et al, 1977). Co et al (1977), for example, compared 12 cannabis users recruited from the general community, with 34 non-drug using controls, all within the ages of 20-30. The cannabis users had used cannabis for at least five years at the level of at least five joints per day, and most had also consumed significant quantities of a variety of other drugs, particularly LSD. Kuehnle et al's (1977) subjects were 19 heavy users aged 21-27 years, also recruited from the general community who had used on average between 25 and 62 joints per month in the preceding year, although their duration of use was not reported. CT scans were obtained presumably at the end of a 31-day study, which included 21 days of ad libitum smoking of marijuana (generally five joints per day), and were compared against a separate normative sample. No evidence for cerebral atrophy in terms of ventricular size and subarachnoid space was found in either study. Although these studies could also be criticised for their research design (e.g. inappropriate control groups, and the fact that cannabis users had used other drugs), these flaws would only have biased the studies in the direction of detecting significant differences between groups, yet none were found. The results were interpreted as a refutation of Campbell's findings, and supporting the absence of cortical atrophy demonstrated by Rumbaugh et al's (1980) CAT scans of monkeys. A further study (Hannerz and Hindmarsh, 1983) investigated 12 subjects who had smoked on average 1g of cannabis daily for between six and 20 years, by thorough clinical neurological examination and CT scans. As in the studies above, no cannabis related abnormalities were found on any assessment measure. http://www.health.gov.au/internet/wc...nnab2-ch75.htm Cannabis and Schizophrenia. RSNA: Brain Scans Suggest Marijuana-Schizophrenia Link http://www.medpagetoday.com/Radiolog...eeting/tb/2239 There are serious issues with these link studies, first of all that schizophrenia does not seem to have gone up in the era of heavy marijuana use - instead it has gone down or remained flat. This was in an era in which pot use exploded. The studies imply that pot only may cause scz in adolescence and not afterwards. The study above does suggest impaired growth of a particular, very tiny structure of the brain by using pot in adolescence. However, the clinical correlates of such damage are a form of aphasia which adolescent pot users do not have. So there are no clinical correlates to the damage to this structure. This structure does develop abnormally ON ONE SIDE in pot using adolescents. In scz, this structure ON BOTH SIDES. Furthermore, this is only a miniscule portion of the damage to the brain that happens when someone gets schizophrenia! Scz is a disease that is characterized by massive damage all across the brain to virtually every structure you can think of. Therefore, this very minor brain damage is certainly not sufficient to cause scz. Read more about it here: Does Marijuana Cause Schizophrenia? http://robertlindsay.blogspot.com/20...zophrenia.html Medical benefits of cannabis. Marijuana Cuts Lung Cancer Tumor Growth In Half, Study Shows http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases...0417193338.htm Heart study finds benefit from pot http://www.ocregister.com/ocr/sectio...cle_471358.php Marijuana Chemical Fights Hardened Arteries http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/n...dened-arteries Marijuana can prevent blindness in Glaucoma patients. http://www.preventblindness.org/reso...ijuanaFS01.PDF Use of Marijuana to Treat Glaucoma http://www.medem.com/medlb/article_d...C&sub_cat=2012 Cannabinoids promote embryonic and adult hippocampus neurogenesis and produce anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects http://www.jci.org/115/11/3104?FIRST...855602212_4399 Decreased Depression In Cannabis Users, Study Says http://norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=6586 Marijuana users report less depression. http://www.doctordeluca.com/Library/...nMjUsers05.pdf Medical marijuana for ADD http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yj72e5q61Fs Study backs medicinal benefits of cannabis http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2000/...bis000301.html U.S. Government Knew In 1974: THC Inhibits Cancer Tumors http://projectcensored.org/publications/2001/22.html http://www.mapinc.org/newscc/v01/n572/a11.html and to recent research in Spain finding that THC stopped brain tumors in rats and protected surrounding nerve tissue, demonstrating neuroprotectant aspect of Cannabinoids. PDF of Dr. Guzman's research: http://americanmarijuana.org/Guzman-Cancer.pdf There is also evidence that cannabis is protective against the neurotoxic effects of stroke and head injury. Further evidence shows that cannabis is effective in slowing the progression of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, MS, Parkinson's, and ALS (Lou Gehrig's Disease). http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/co...ract/36/5/1071 http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/95/14/8268 http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/full/21/17/6475 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/en...&dopt=Citation http://www.sciencedirect.com/science...cd713e4c6bf29b http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/...ll/126/10/2191 http://www.letfreedomgrow.com/cmu/am..._sclerosis.htm Cannabis also protects mice against brain cell death caused by alcohol. http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/co...urcetype=HWCIT |
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